![]() In this report, a procedure for collecting human mucus has been described. However, there is a lack of evidence the human mucus can be reliably substituted by animal counterparts for human-relevant transport models. In scientific research, mucus from animal sources is usually used to simulate difficult-to-obtain human small intestinal mucus for investigating the intramucus transport of drug delivery systems or food nanoparticles. It provides protection against hazardous particles such as bacteria but allows the passage of nutrients and drug molecules towards the intestinal epithelium. This complex gel structure plays an important role in the process of small intestinal absorption. The gastrointestinal mucus layer represents the last barrier between ingested food or orally administered pharmaceuticals and the mucosal epithelium.
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